Biochemical studies in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to lead acetate and treated by carob or fig ether extracts

The  effect of carob pods (Ceratonia siliqua)  and fig fruits (ficus carica) ether extracts 600 mg/kg in  the diet   against  sublethal doses of Pb (1/2  and 1/4 LC50)  on   aspartate amino transferase (AST) , alanine amino transferase (ALT) , urea  , creatinine  and   accumulation of lead in muscle and visceral organs in  (Oreochromis niloticus) was investigated .The half  lethal  concentration (LC50) for 96 hr was 155 mg/l . Results showed that   aspartate amino transferase (AST) , alanine amino transferase (ALT) , urea  , creatinine  and   accumulation of lead in muscle and visceral organs was increased after exposed to 1/2 LC50 and 1/4 LC50 of  Pb for 30 ,60 and 90 days. On the other hand  O. niloticus exposed to 1/2 LC50 and 1/4 LC50 of  Pb and fed with diet contain 600 mg of carob  extract /kg for 90 days showed  no significant changes in  creatinine ,   accumulation of  lead in muscle and visceral . Also  the fish exposed to 1/2 LC50 and 1/4 LC50 of  Pb  and fed with diet contain 600 mg of fig  extract /kg for 90 days revealed  no significant changes  in  AST , ALT , urea , creatinine ,   accumulation of lead  in muscle and visceral organs.It could be concluded that both carob and fig ether extracts had ameliorative effect against lead acetate toxicity in Oreochromis niloticus.